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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend ： ウィキペディア英語版 Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend ''Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend'', , was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that a seaman may recover punitive damages from his employer for failure to pay maintenance and cure. ''Townsend'' reversed a line of cases, starting with ''Guevara v. Maritime Overseas Corp.'' in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (New Orleans), that restricted damages in maritime personal injury cases only to "pecuniary" damages. Consequently, a seaman can now recover both attorney's fees and punitive damages for the willful and wanton refusal of a shipowner to provide medical care to a seaman injured on the job. The Court's 5-4 opinion was delivered by Justice Clarence Thomas. The Court explained that Congress never used the words "pecuniary" or "non-pecuniary" to describe the damages available for personal injuries (injuries not causing death) under either the Jones Act or the Federal Employers Liability Act. Congress merely said "damages"; hence, any limitation on those damages to "pecuniary damages" was a creation of the courts, not Congress. The Court stated that it "will not attribute words to Congress that Congress did not say." ==Impact== Some legal scholars believe that ''Atlantic Soundings v Townsend'' will result in the end of the Miles Uniformity Doctrine, a doctrine developed in the Fifth Circuit which says that all damages, both in maritime personal injury and wrongful death cases, must contain the same uniform elements, and must exclude loss of society, loss of consortium, mental anguish, pre-death pain and suffering and other damages described as "non-pecuniary." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.